If P → Q and not Q, what can be concluded about P?

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Multiple Choice

If P → Q and not Q, what can be concluded about P?

The statement P → Q means that whenever P is true, Q must be true. Since Q is not true, P cannot be true; otherwise Q would have to be true as well. So P must be false. This uses the contrapositive idea: if not Q, then not P. Therefore the conclusion is not P.

The statement P → Q means that whenever P is true, Q must be true. Since Q is not true, P cannot be true; otherwise Q would have to be true as well. So P must be false. This uses the contrapositive idea: if not Q, then not P. Therefore the conclusion is not P.

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