Some scientists are not mathematicians. All mathematicians use formal logic. Which statement is most strongly supported?

• A. Some scientists are mathematicians.
• B. Some scientists are not mathematicians.
• C. All scientists are mathematicians.
• D. No scientists are mathematicians.

Answer: (B)

The main idea here is that an explicit existential claim in the premise directly supports the corresponding statement. The first sentence says there exists at least one scientist who is not a mathematician. That exactly matches the statement that some scientists are not mathematicians, so it is directly supported.

Because of that existence, not all scientists can be mathematicians, which makes the option claiming all scientists are mathematicians impossible given the information. The option claiming no scientists are mathematicians is not guaranteed by the premises—it could be true, but the given facts do not require it, and it isn’t the direct match to the stated information.

So the strongest-supported conclusion is that some scientists are not mathematicians.